managing change Essay -- essays research papers

MANAGING CHANGE Change is a necessary way of life. It is all around people: in the seasons, in their social environment, and in their own biological processes .Beginning with the first few moments of life, a person learns to meet change by being adaptive. A person’s very first breath depends on ability to adapt from one environment to another. As indicated by the first quotation introducing this essay, each hour is different, offering people new experiences. Since human beings are adaptive and familiar with change, how is it that they often resist change in their work environment? This question had troubled managers since the beginning of the industrial revolution, and the fast peace of change required by the electronic age has made its solution more important. Even when managers use their most logical arguments to support a change, they frequently discover that workers are unconvinced of the need for it. Work change The nature of work change   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The term â€Å"work change† refers to any alteration that occurs in the work environment. Its effect is illustrated in an elementary way by an experiment using air filled balloon. When a finger (which represents change) is pressed against the exterior of the balloon (which represent the organization), the contour of the balloon visibly changes at the point contact. Here an obvious pressure, representing change has produced an obvious deviation at the point of pressure. What isn’t obvious, however, is that the entire balloon has been affected and has stretched slightly. As shown by this comparison, the generalization is drawn that the whole organization tends to be affected by change in any part of it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The molecules of air in the balloon represent a firm’s employees. It is apparent that those at the spot of pressure must make drastic adjustments. Though the change did not make direct contact with the employees, it has affected them indirectly. Though none is fired (i.e., leaves the balloon), the employees are displaced and must adjust to a new location in the balloon. This comparison illustrates an additional generalization: change is a human as well as a technical problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Admittedly, the foregoing comparison is rough. A employing is not a balloon; a person is not a molecule; and people are not as free and flexible as ai... ...  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Refreezing Unfreezing means that old ideas and practices need to be cast aside so that new ones can be learned. Often this step of getting rid of old practices is about as difficult as learning the new ones. Changing is the step in which the new ideas and practices are learned so that an employee can think and perform in new ways. Refreezing means that what has been learned is integrated into actual practice. Resistance to change can be reduced by helping employees recognize the need for each change, participate in it, and gain from it. In summary, five management guidelines for responsible change are: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Make only necessary and useful change. Avoid unnecessary change b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Change by evolution, not revolution c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Recognize the possible effects of change, and introduce in with adequate attention to human needs d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Share the benefits of change with employees e.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diagnose the problems remaining after a change occurs, and treat them Change when improperly handled manifests itself in slowdowns and showdowns.

Behavioral Risk Factors

There are presumably various predators towards the health issues within the society. As much as some of them are unprecedented, it is with deep concern that we can describe the role of the family on influencing and determining the aspect of health to its members.The natural setting of the family which comprises both the social, economic and cultural factors has a lot in determining the levels of risk in health of its members. The ingredient and lifestyle of the family setup plays a predominant role in determining the risk levels of the family.The social economic and cultural dispensations held by the family determines how the family is depended on the various sets of control measures such as dietary, physical exercise, family related health implications and the scores of preventive measures that govern the family (David, et al, 1998) Generally, the supportive ingredient for complimentary and alternative medicine for therapeutic response of many health related issues is modeled and go verned by the response of various family related precepts.The levels of education, region of family residence, family income, status of education and other sociodemographic factors are highly influential. However, their control and governance is modeled by the role of the family within its social setup in the society. Through the threshold of the family influence, various complimentary and alternative medicine factors such as using appropriate diet to control diseases and ailments, procurement to physical exercise, social controls arises.These are aimed at avoiding the negative influence towards behaviors such as drug use and abuse and engagement in morally health behaviors in support of good health that has been of necessity in control of health risk within the family setup. The social context of the family plays a predominant role in shaping the nature of health risks for its members. This is the social function of the family in control of the health of its members (David, et al, 1998)The origin and backgrounds of various ill-health and complications are determined by the state of the family as a control variable. The strength of the family in terms of income, level of education to its members, social stabilities such as stress controls, search for preventive attentions to health problems and the setup in its general medical attention governs the levels of risks in health related aspects.According to a research done on the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the response towards mortality and health behaviors of the family, positive results showed that the general setup of the family in terms of its commitment to health regulation through physical fitness, adequate diet and social influence were important in determining the levels of health related issues.As of great importance, the socioeconomic dimensions of the family are therefore implicit in determining the levels of its health matters for the family members. Reference David, R, et al (1998) Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behaviors, and Mortality. Journal of Pediatrics.

Determining the Relationship between Postnatal Depression...

CHAPTER 4 4.1 Search Strategy The main purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between postnatal depression and peer support by way of reviewing primary research articles. The search strategy adopted for this study can be broken down into several steps. The key concepts and terminologies for the study were identified. The synonyms of the terms were then determined which were also included within the search terms. Boolean operators were the chosen search features. Databases from which the literature search would be conducted were chosen. Using Boolean operators, different search expression were created and the search conducted. The results were evaluated and the inclusion exclusion criteria applied to get the articles that†¦show more content†¦Term 1 Postnatal depression, postpartum depression, perinatal depression, PND, PPD Term 2 Peer Support, Social Support, lay Support Term 3 Relationship, link Term 4 New mothers, after childbirth, post delivery, afterbirth Table 4.2.2: showing the key terminology as identified by the PICO framework and their synonyms According to Kumar (2013), Boolean operators can be used to restrict and widen the search results in a systematic way. As such, different key terms as identified by the PICO framework were combined with different Boolean operators and the results obtained evaluated using the Inclusion exclusion criteria for their suitability as study articles. Some of the expressions there were generated from the combination of Boolean operators and the search terminology include â€Å"postnatal depression† OR â€Å"Postpartum depression† OR â€Å"perinatal depression† AND â€Å"peer support† OR â€Å"Social support† OR â€Å"lay support† AND â€Å"new mother† OR â€Å"After childbirth† OR â€Å"postdelivery† OR â€Å"afterbirth†. Postnatal depression OR Postpartum depression OR Perinatal depression OR PND OR PPD A N D Peer support OR Social support OR Lay support A N D Relation* OR link A N D New mother* OR After childbirth OR Afterbirth OR Post- Deliver* Table 4.2.3: Table showing the combination of search terminology and Boolean operators to generate search phrases 4.3 Databases used for Literature Search Two databases and two journalsShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Telephone Based Peer Support Intervention For Maternal Depression1436 Words   |  6 PagesTelephone-based Peer Support Intervention for Maternal Depression by Letourneau, N., et al. 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